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Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 10:38 am
by Steve Jelf
This morning I was asked this question: "What would cause a plug to NOT fire under compression?"
I know one reason, but there are others. What do you think?

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 10:43 am
by Ruxstel24
Often, carbon will build up, or a film of gas/oil, and the plug will spark between the base and the insulator, not across the gap...

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 11:02 am
by Raoul von S.
Evil spirits.

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 11:25 am
by John kuehn
I wondered why my Grandfather had several T plugs he kept along with a box of coils. They all looked to be pretty good. After having the T he gave me over 50 years ago and the boxes of extra parts that came along with it I’ve come to the conclusion he wasent the first and certainly not the last to have an extra part or two to interchange when the T didn’t seem to run right.
I still do the same thing. It’s just the nature of the T I guess.

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 11:40 am
by Mark Gregush
Plugs do get worn out. Even cleaning them only works for a short while till they need to be redone. The spark likes to jump from a sharp edge and when that edge gets rounded over, not so much.

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 11:56 am
by DanTreace
Common causes:

Fouled with oil or carbon

Gap incorrect (too small / too great) for ignition type / source /cylinder compression

Excess heat, deforms electrodes, metallic particles affixed due to heat

Deformed electrodes from current wear over time

Cracked porcelain, due to heat or trauma, causes short circuit

Un-common:

Broken center electrode from pliers used to tighten the plug wire
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Champion 25 uses an adhesive fixed upper for the center electrode.

Best to always tighten spark wires with only finger and thumb, holding the plug thumb nut as you rotate the wire terminal snug.

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 12:03 pm
by Mark Gregush
And that is why I do not use those 25's, been there done that.^

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 1:07 pm
by Rich Bingham
" spark likes to jump from a sharp edge and when that edge gets rounded over, not so much."

Mark, since both electrodes on the old brass-top Champions are made of round wire, would the sharp edge be only where the base (grounded) electrode is sheared off ? It's easy to note the "wear" (erosion) on spark plug electrodes, would it help to dress the edge of the ground electrodes as they become "dubbed" with use ?

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 7:58 pm
by critterpainter
I have had spark plugs fail from being flooded with gas. No amount of drying or heating would make them fire properly again.

Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 10:21 pm
by JP_noonan
I had an annoying skip while under load that drove me crazy for weeks. After checking all the usual suspects, wiring, timing, etc.., i decided to pull all the plugs apart and found this. Although i couldn't visually detect a crack in the porcelain, there was some definite carbon tracking going on. Replaced the plug with a spare i had, and the skip was gone. You never know how little things like this can make your T run, but then again, that's part of the fun of this hobby. :D
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Re: Why spark plugs fail?

Posted: Tue Jan 15, 2019 11:55 pm
by Mark Gregush
Re"Mark, since both electrodes on the old brass-top Champions are made of round wire, would the sharp edge be only where the base (grounded) electrode is sheared off ? It's easy to note the "wear" (erosion) on spark plug electrodes, would it help to dress the edge of the ground electrodes as they become "dubbed" with use ?"
That is what I have read in the past. So I am going to say yes, the spark wants to jump from the sheared sharp edge. You can only sharpen the edges so many times.